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Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) is a class of cryptographic algorithms designed to resist attacks from future, large-scale quantum computers. It is essential for enterprise DLT (Distributed Ledger Technology) because classical encryption, such as RSA and ECDH, will be vulnerable to quantum decryption, which could compromise sensitive blockchain transaction data and digital signatures. PQC ensures the long-term, future-proof security of these high-value digital assets.
Enterprises can implement PQC using a solution like QConnect, which establishes a post-quantum secure VPN tunnel over existing network infrastructure. This approach requires no architectural changes to the blockchain protocol or consensus layer. By using Hybrid-PQC key encapsulation mechanisms such as Kyber, the solution wraps the existing communication layer, making the integration seamless and preserving low latency.
The 'harvest-now, decrypt-later' threat is a serious risk where encrypted communications, such as inter-node blockchain traffic, are intercepted and stored today. While this data cannot be broken by current computers, it will be compromised in the near future once cryptographically relevant quantum machines become available. PQC, by replacing vulnerable algorithms like RSA/ECDH, ensures the data remains computationally infeasible to decrypt, protecting both current and archived communications.
For securing inter-node blockchain communication, Hybrid-PQC key encapsulation mechanisms are recommended. The client in this case study deployed algorithms like Kyber, which are designed to provide robust security against known quantum attacks, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of consensus traffic and ledger synchronisation. This PQC layer works in conjunction with robust current-day encryption, such as AES-256-GCM.
A crypto-agile, centralised platform, like QShield, offers DLT leaders crucial operational benefits, including simplified administration and future-ready security. Centralised management streamlines audit logging, key provisioning, and policy enforcement, ensuring operational efficiency. Furthermore, the crypto-agile architecture supports seamless upgrades to future PQC standards, safeguarding the investment against evolving security threats without future operational disruption.