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Keys have lives: born (generated), distributed to where they're needed, used for encryption/signing, rotated when they get old or might be compromised, retired when systems are decommissioned, and destroyed securely when no longer needed. Key lifecycle management is the boring, essential practice of tracking all this. Where did you generate the key? (Hopefully from Tropos QRNG, not a weak PRNG.) Where is it stored? (In an HSM, not a config file.) Who can access it? When was it last rotated? When does it expire? Do you have backup? Can you prove to auditors you've destroyed keys for decommissioned systems? The quantum transition makes this exponentially harder because now you're managing two parallel key populations - classical keys for current systems and post-quantum keys for upgraded systems. You need a cryptographic bill of materials (CBOM) telling you which keys are quantum-vulnerable and need migration. You need automated rotation because you can't manually update 100,000 certificates. You need crypto-agility so you can swap algorithms without rewriting applications.
Poor key management causes 30% of breaches according to security research. Keys get lost, stolen, or left in production when they should be rotated. The quantum transition forces everyone to upgrade key management from ad-hoc to systematic, which might be quantum computing's secret benefit - fixing technical debt.
Proper key lifecycle management means you know exactly which systems are quantum-vulnerable, can migrate systematically rather than scrambling, can prove compliance to auditors, and don't have outages from expired certificates. It's the unglamorous foundation that makes quantum migration possible.
Enterprise key management systems and key vaults, PKI certificate authority operations, HSM key management for sensitive operations, cloud encryption key management, compliance auditing and key provenance, quantum migration planning and tracking, automated key rotation systems
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key lifecycle management, KLM, key management, cryptographic key management, HSM, key rotation, key generation, QRNG, key storage, key destruction, NIST SP 800-57, quantum key management, crypto-agility, certificate management